In this tutorial, we are going to solve a fundamental problem in mechanics of materials using the very popular Mohr's circle method. Mohr's circle is a two dimensional (2D) graphical representation of the stress components in a solid material. The following diagram shows a typical 2D element having all the stress components. Here,
𝞼x = Normal stress along x axis
𝞼y = Normal stress along y axis
𝞽xy = Shear stress on the plane
𝞡 = Inclination angle
Now, let's assume the following parameters to represent the stresses by a Mohr's circle with Matlab codes.
𝞼x = Normal stress along x axis = 115 Mpa
𝞼y = Normal stress along y axis = - 50 Mpa
𝞽xy = Shear stress on the plane = 25 Mpa
𝞡 = Inclination angle = 25 Degree
With the above information at hand, we can draw a Mohr's circle to represent those stresses. The following figure shows the Mohr's circle, which is plotted by Matlab codes appended at the end of this blog post.
We can calculate the transformed normal and shear stresses, which may be expressed as [2, 3],
The maximum principal stress is defined as [2, 3],
The following figure illustrates the maximum normal and shear stresses, along with other nomenclatures on a typical Mohr’s circle
MATLAB CODES
close all
clear
clc
% Parameters from the question
sigma_x = 115;
sigma_y = -50;
tau_xy = 25;
gridsize = 1000;
% Calling the function "mohrs_circle" defined in another script
[sigma_mohr,tau_mohr,sigma_1,sigma_2,tau_1,tau_2,center_circle,phi] = mohrs_circle(sigma_x,sigma_y,tau_xy,gridsize);
%%
% Plotting the figures
figure;
plot(sigma_mohr,tau_mohr);
grid on;
axis equal;
xlabel('Normal Stess, MPa');
ylabel('Shear Stress, MPa');
title('Mohr Circle for 2D Stresses');
hold on;
plot(sigma_1,0,'r*',sigma_2,0,'r*',center_circle,tau_1,'ro',center_circle,tau_2,'ro',center_circle,0,'r^');
%%
figure;
plot(phi*180/pi,sigma_mohr,'b',phi*180/pi,tau_mohr,'g');
grid on;
xlabel('Cut plane angle (deg)');
ylabel('Stress, MPA');
legend('Normal Stress','Shear Stress')
title('Mohr 2D Circle');
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
function [sigma_mohr,tau_mohr,sigma_1,sigma_2,tau_1,tau_2,center_circle,phi]=mohrs_circle(sigma_x,sigma_y,tau_xy,gridsize)
% This function implements the calculation of the principal stresses
phi = linspace(0,pi,gridsize); % Defining the range of the angles for plotting
% Applying the formula or expression based on the stress theory
sigma_mohr = (sigma_x+sigma_y)/2+(sigma_x-sigma_y)/2*cos(2*phi)+tau_xy*sin(2*phi);
tau_mohr = -(sigma_x-sigma_y)/2*sin(2*phi)+tau_xy*cos(2*phi);
sigma_1 = (sigma_x+sigma_y)/2-sqrt(((sigma_x-sigma_y)/2)^2+tau_xy^2);
sigma_2 = (sigma_x+sigma_y)/2+sqrt(((sigma_x-sigma_y)/2)^2+tau_xy^2);
tau_1=sqrt(((sigma_x-sigma_y)/2)^2+tau_xy^2);
tau_2 = -tau_1;
center_circle = (sigma_x+sigma_y)/2;
%phi_p=atan(2*tau_xy/(sigma_x-sigma_y))/2;
end
REFERENCES
[1] Saul K. Fenster, Ansel C. Ugural. Advanced Strength and Applied Elasticity, Fourth Edition. Published by Pearson, 2003
[2] Solid Mechanics Part I: An Introduction to Solid Mechanics by Piaras Kelly
#Matlab #SolidMechanics #MechanicsofMaterials #MohrsCircle
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